The Brachypelma smithi: A Tarantula Worth Protecting

4/3/25 Steve Rogers, Wales UK

In the world of tarantulas, few species are as iconic or beloved as the Brachypelma smithi, commonly known (albeit incorrectly) as the Mexican Redknee Tarantula. With its striking black body and vibrant orange-red knee markings, this spider has captured the hearts of enthusiasts and become a symbol of the tarantula-keeping hobby. However, behind its beauty lies a story of vulnerability and the urgent need for conservation. In this blog, we’ll explore the fascinating world of the Brachypelma smithi, its role in the ecosystem, and why its conservation is vital for both the species and the hobby.

The Smithi is one of favourite tarantulas, along with its relative the B.Harmorii, I keep them both and have a tattoo of the smithi/hamorii on the back of my hand. When researching for my Tarantula Army Cards, I found a wonderful article that states that the geographic regions of the spiders and where they are found is the deciding factors, as such the area of separation for a T to be Smithi and Hamorii is by the "boundary of the Balsas River basin. B. hamorii are found in the more northern states of Colima, Jalisco, and the northwest coast of Michoacán. B. smithi  is found on the Pacific coast of Guerrero. Several other species of Brachypelma are also found between them, including B. baumgarteni, B. boehmei, and B. auratum.

So, they are essentially two sister species from two different regions." (reference)

However, since 04/2017,Brachypelma hamorii and Brachypelma smithi are now considered the same species-so buying one is buying the other. I'd agree. The distinctions are so similar as to make them one. Nevertheless ill refer to them based on their old names as I bought my ladies under the old names and just like it-but that does not detract from the fact they are one and the same now. 

Nevertheless an excellent video of them in their natural habitat can be found here. I'm not entirely convinced that the two, Harmorii and Smithi are different enough to warrant a separate classification. noting the following Schmidt (1992b) was the first to notice the difference in the morphological features of the male and female sexual organs of what he thought was B. smithi. However, due to the lack of information about the precise collection sites of the specimens he had at hand, he mistakenly described the male bulb and spermatheca of another species as those of B. smithi, triggering a cascade of subsequent errors. We believe that authors such as Smith (1994), Tesmoingt et al. (1997a, 1997b), Peters (2000, 2003), Schmidt (1992a, 1993, 1997, 2003) and Teyssié (2015) incorrectly identified B. hamorii specimens belonging to B. smithi. (Mendoza & Francke 173). What ever the case is, they deserve to be protected and cared for. 

The Mexican Redknee Tarantula: A Natural Wonder
The Brachypelma smithi is native to the Pacific coast of Mexico, where it inhabits dry scrublands and desert regions. This species is a terrestrial tarantula, meaning it spends most of its life on the ground, often creating burrows to escape the heat and predators. Known for its docile temperament and stunning appearance, the Mexican Redknee has become one of the most popular tarantulas in the pet trade.

But there’s more to this species than meets the eye. Brachypelma smithi plays a crucial role in its ecosystem. As a predator, it helps control insect populations, maintaining a balance in its natural habitat. Additionally, its burrowing behavior aerates the soil, promoting plant growth and contributing to the health of its environment as can be seen in the video I noted earlier. 

The Threats Facing Brachypelma smithi
Despite its popularity, the Brachypelma smithi faces significant threats in the wild. The primary danger comes from habitat destruction. Urbanization, agriculture, and deforestation have drastically reduced the spider’s natural habitat, leaving it with fewer places to live and thrive. In some areas, the Mexican Redknee has been pushed to the brink of extinction.

Another major threat is over-collection for the pet trade. In the past, Brachypelma smithi was heavily harvested from the wild to meet the demand for exotic pets. This practice not only reduced wild populations but also disrupted ecosystems. While captive breeding programs have since reduced the need for wild-caught specimens, illegal collection still poses a risk.

Climate change is an additional concern. As temperatures rise and weather patterns shift, the delicate balance of the Mexican Redknee’s habitat is being disrupted. Prolonged droughts, for example, can make it difficult for the species to find food and water, further endangering its survival.

Why Conservation Matters
Conserving the Brachypelma smithi is about more than just saving a single species—it’s about preserving biodiversity and protecting the intricate web of life that supports us all. Here are a few reasons why conservation efforts for this tarantula are so important:

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health
Every species, no matter how small or seemingly insignificant, plays a role in its ecosystem. The loss of the Brachypelma smithi could have ripple effects, disrupting the balance of its habitat and potentially leading to the decline of other species. By protecting this tarantula, we’re also safeguarding the health of its ecosystem.

Cultural and Scientific Value
The Mexican Redknee Tarantula holds cultural significance in its native Mexico, where it is often featured in art and folklore. It’s also a valuable subject for scientific research, helping us better understand arachnid behavior, physiology, and ecology. Losing this species would mean losing a piece of our natural heritage and a wealth of potential knowledge.

The Future of the Hobby
For tarantula enthusiasts, the Brachypelma smithi is more than just a pet—it’s a gateway to the hobby. Many keepers credit this species with sparking their love for tarantulas. If wild populations continue to decline, the hobby could lose one of its most iconic ambassadors. Conservation ensures that future generations can experience the joy of keeping and learning from these incredible creatures.

How We Can Help
Conservation is a collective effort, and there are many ways we can contribute to the protection of the Brachypelma smithi:

Support Captive Breeding Programs
One of the best ways to reduce the demand for wild-caught tarantulas is to support ethical captive breeding programs. These initiatives not only provide hobbyists with healthy, responsibly sourced spiders but also help preserve wild populations. When purchasing a Brachypelma smithi, always choose a reputable breeder who prioritizes the well-being of the species.

Promote Habitat Conservation
Protecting the natural habitats of the Mexican Redknee is essential for its survival. Supporting organizations that work to preserve Mexico’s dry scrublands and desert regions can make a significant difference. Donations, volunteer work, and spreading awareness are all ways to contribute.

Educate Others
Many people fear tarantulas due to misconceptions and lack of knowledge. By educating others about the importance of species like the Brachypelma smithi, we can foster a greater appreciation for these creatures and inspire more people to join conservation efforts.

Advocate for Legal Protections
The Brachypelma smithi is listed under Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), which regulates its trade to prevent over-exploitation. Supporting and advocating for strong enforcement of these protections is crucial for the species’ survival.

The Role of Tarantula Enthusiasts
As tarantula keepers, we have a unique opportunity—and responsibility—to contribute to the conservation of the Brachypelma smithi. By sharing our passion, supporting ethical practices, and advocating for the species, we can help ensure that this iconic tarantula continues to thrive both in the wild and in our homes.

One way to make a difference is by supporting initiatives like the Tarantula Army Collectible Card Packs, which not only educate enthusiasts about different species but also raise awareness about the importance of conservation. Every small action adds up, and together, we can make a big impact.

Conclusion: A Call to Action
The Brachypelma smithi is more than just a beautiful spider—it’s a symbol of the delicate balance of nature and the importance of conservation. By protecting this species, we’re not only preserving a piece of our natural world but also ensuring that future generations can experience the wonder of tarantulas.

Let’s work together to safeguard the Mexican Redknee Tarantula and its habitat. Whether it’s through supporting captive breeding, promoting habitat conservation, or simply sharing your love for these incredible creatures, every effort counts. After all, the world is a better place with the Brachypelma smithi in it. 🕷️💚